PBRT v4 - Part I: Kroken Scene
Jan Walter July 03, 2023 [TRACE] #pbrt-v4The fourth edition of the Physically Based Rendering book was released this year (in 2023). The C++ source code is available on GitHub and after compiling it (via CMake) I wanted to render my first picture:
The nice thing about pbrt-v4 is that we can watch the resulting
image being rendered via tev. First
start the EXR Viewer:
$ tev
12:21:30 SUCCESS Initialized IPC, listening on 127.0.0.1:14158
12:21:30 INFO Loading window...
12:22:18 INFO Accepted IPC client connection into socket fd 34 (host: 127.0.0.1:38522)
12:23:42 SUCCESS Loaded 'camera-1.exr (16590)' via IPC after 0.013 seconds.
12:24:47 INFO Client disconnected from socket fd 34
12:30:10 INFO Accepted IPC client connection into socket fd 34 (host: 127.0.0.1:52838)
...
Then connect to the viewer by using the --display-server command
line option:
$ time ./pbrt --stats --spp 4096 --display-server localhost:14158 ../../pbrt-v4-scenes/kroken/camera-1.pbrt
pbrt version 4 (built Jul 3 2023 at 12:16:24)
Copyright (c)1998-2021 Matt Pharr, Wenzel Jakob, and Greg Humphreys.
The source code to pbrt (but *not* the book contents) is covered by the Apache 2.0 License.
See the file LICENSE.txt for the conditions of the license.
Warning: /media/datadisk3/git/github/pbrt-v4-scenes/kroken/lights.pbrt:7:4: Converting non-RGB "L" parameter to RGB so that a portal light can be used.
Rendering: [+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++] (4134.9s)
Statistics:
BVH
Interior nodes 287361520
Leaf nodes 287361531
Nodes visited 1696162946832
Primitives per leaf node 287902422 / 287361531 (1.00x)
Geometry
Spheres 2
Triangles added from displacement mapping 247702869
Buffer cache hits 239 / 955 (25.03%)
Triangles per mesh 287904585 / 248 (1160905.58x)
Integrator
Camera rays traced 2304000000
Surface interactions 8840973743
Volume interactions 20663051
Intersections
Regular ray intersection tests 15575663309
Ray-Triangle intersection tests 18868481914 / 86881406902 (0.22x)
Memory
BVH 19.27 GiB
Film pixels 103.00 MiB
Image maps 159.38 MiB
Light BVH 184.91 kB
Primitives 4.29 GiB
Redundant vertex and index buffers 347.69 MiB
Tokenizer buffers 244.50 kB
Triangles 2.15 GiB
Unreported / unused 16.97 GiB
Scene
AreaLights 2175
Lights 2176
Materials 80
Object instances created 10
Textures 164
real 70m24,642s
user 1891m16,519s
sys 1m47,339s
Compiling
$ cmake --version
cmake version 3.26.4
CMake suite maintained and supported by Kitware (kitware.com/cmake).
$ pwd
/media/datadisk3/git/github/pbrt-v4
$ mkdir build
$ cd build/
$ cmake ..
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 9.4.0
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 9.4.0
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ - skipped
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc - skipped
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Setting build type to 'Release' as none was specified.
-- Found Git: /home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin/git (found version "2.41.0")
-- OpenEXR at commit: 5cfb5dab6dfada731586b0281bdb15ee75e26782
-- OpenVDB at commit: 414bed84c2fc22e188eac7b611aa85c7edd7a5a9
-- Ptex at commit: 4cd8e9a6db2b06e478dfbbd8c26eb6df97f84483
-- double-conversion at commit: cc1f75a114aca8d2af69f73a5a959aecbab0e87a
-- filesystem at commit: c5f9de30142453eb3c6fe991e82dfc2583373116
-- glfw at commit: 4cb36872a5fe448c205d0b46f0e8c8b57530cfe0
-- libdeflate at commit: 1fd0bea6ca2073c68493632dafc4b1ddda1bcbc3
-- lodepng at commit: 8c6a9e30576f07bf470ad6f09458a2dcd7a6a84a
-- qoi at commit: 028c75fd26e5e0758c7c711216c00404994c1ad3
-- stb at commit: af1a5bc352164740c1cc1354942b1c6b72eacb8a
-- utf8proc at commit: 2484e2ed5e1d9c19edcccf392a7d9920ad90dfaf
-- zlib at commit: 54d591eabf9fe0e84c725638f8d5d8d202a093fa
-- Performing Test CMAKE_HAVE_LIBC_PTHREAD
-- Performing Test CMAKE_HAVE_LIBC_PTHREAD - Failed
-- Looking for pthread_create in pthreads
-- Looking for pthread_create in pthreads - not found
-- Looking for pthread_create in pthread
-- Looking for pthread_create in pthread - found
-- Found Threads: TRUE
-- Found OpenGL: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libOpenGL.so
-- The ASM compiler identification is GNU
-- Found assembler: /usr/bin/cc
CMake Warning (dev) at src/ext/libdeflate/CMakeLists.txt:12 (option):
Policy CMP0077 is not set: option() honors normal variables. Run "cmake
--help-policy CMP0077" for policy details. Use the cmake_policy command to
set the policy and suppress this warning.
For compatibility with older versions of CMake, option is clearing the
normal variable 'BUILD_SHARED_LIBS'.
This warning is for project developers. Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.
-- Performing Test DEFLATE_LINT_WALL
-- Performing Test DEFLATE_LINT_WALL - Success
-- Performing Test DEFLATE_LINT_WUNDEF
-- Performing Test DEFLATE_LINT_WUNDEF - Success
-- Performing Test DEFLATE_LINT_PEDANTIC
-- Performing Test DEFLATE_LINT_PEDANTIC - Success
-- Performing Test DEFLATE_LINT_DECLARATION_AFTER_STATEMENT
-- Performing Test DEFLATE_LINT_DECLARATION_AFTER_STATEMENT - Success
-- Performing Test DEFLATE_LINT_MISSING_PROTOTYPES
-- Performing Test DEFLATE_LINT_MISSING_PROTOTYPES - Success
-- Performing Test DEFLATE_LINT_STRICT_PROTOTYPES
-- Performing Test DEFLATE_LINT_STRICT_PROTOTYPES - Success
-- Performing Test DEFLATE_LINT_VLA
-- Performing Test DEFLATE_LINT_VLA - Success
-- Performing Test DEFLATE_LINT_IMPLICIT_FALLTHROUGH
-- Performing Test DEFLATE_LINT_IMPLICIT_FALLTHROUGH - Success
-- Found ZLIB: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so (found version "1.2.11")
-- Could NOT find Imath (missing: Imath_DIR)
-- Could NOT find IlmBase (missing: IlmBase_DIR)
-- Could NOT find OpenEXR (missing: OpenEXR_DIR)
-- Found PkgConfig: /home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin/pkg-config (found version "0.29.2")
-- Found OpenEXR: /usr/include (found suitable version "2.3.0", minimum required is "2.3")
-- Found OpenEXR version 2.3.0
CMake Deprecation Warning at src/ext/ptex/CMakeLists.txt:1 (cmake_minimum_required):
Compatibility with CMake < 2.8.12 will be removed from a future version of
CMake.
Update the VERSION argument <min> value or use a ...<max> suffix to tell
CMake that the project does not need compatibility with older versions.
-- Could NOT find Doxygen (missing: DOXYGEN_EXECUTABLE)
-- Including X11 support
-- Found X11: /usr/include
-- Looking for XOpenDisplay in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libX11.so;/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXext.so
-- Looking for XOpenDisplay in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libX11.so;/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXext.so - found
-- Looking for gethostbyname
-- Looking for gethostbyname - found
-- Looking for connect
-- Looking for connect - found
-- Looking for remove
-- Looking for remove - found
-- Looking for shmat
-- Looking for shmat - found
-- Looking for IceConnectionNumber in ICE
-- Looking for IceConnectionNumber in ICE - found
-- Unable to find -lprofiler
-- Looking for a CUDA compiler
-- Looking for a CUDA compiler - /usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc
-- Found CUDA: /usr/local/cuda (found version "11.0")
-- Found CUDA: 11.0.221
CMake Warning at CMakeLists.txt:189 (message):
Found CUDA but PBRT_OPTIX7_PATH is not set. Disabling GPU compilation.
-- Performing Test COMPILER_SUPPORTS_MARCH_NATIVE
-- Performing Test COMPILER_SUPPORTS_MARCH_NATIVE - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_MMAP
-- Performing Test HAVE_MMAP - Success
-- Performing Test HAS_INTRIN_H
-- Performing Test HAS_INTRIN_H - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_DECLSPEC_NOINLINE
-- Performing Test HAVE_DECLSPEC_NOINLINE - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_ATTRIBUTE_NOINLINE
-- Performing Test HAVE_ATTRIBUTE_NOINLINE - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_PRE_POST_BAR_RESTRICT
-- Performing Test HAVE_PRE_POST_BAR_RESTRICT - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE_PRE_BAR_RESTRICT
-- Performing Test HAVE_PRE_BAR_RESTRICT - Success
-- Performing Test HAVE__ALIGNED_MALLOC
-- Performing Test HAVE__ALIGNED_MALLOC - Failed
-- Performing Test HAVE_POSIX_MEMALIGN
-- Performing Test HAVE_POSIX_MEMALIGN - Success
-- Performing Test INT64_IS_OWN_TYPE
-- Performing Test INT64_IS_OWN_TYPE - Failed
-- Configuring done (5.8s)
-- Generating done (0.1s)
-- Build files have been written to: /media/datadisk3/git/github/pbrt-v4/build
$ cmake --build .
...
[100%] Linking CXX executable cctest
[100%] Built target cctest
Using imgtool
Above is a slightly modified version using the imgtool (which comes
with pbrt-v4) to convert the
OpenEXR file to
PNG and apply a whitebalance:
$ ./imgtool whitebalance --temperature 6200 camera-1.exr --outfile wb-camera-1.exr
$ ./imgtool convert --aces-filmic wb-camera-1.exr --outfile camera-1.png
The difference is a bit hard to catch by eye, but the imf_diff tool
helps to see it, using false-color:
$ imf_diff -d -f kroken-001.png camera-1.png diff-001.jpg
differing pixels: 98.718% (555290 of 562500)
average difference: 7.245%
maximum difference: 9.987%
Summary: Many pixels differ slightly.
== "kroken-001.png" and "camera-1.png" are different
camera-4
There are seven camera perspectives of the same scene (kroken)
shipping with the current version of the
repository full of
pbrt-v4-scenes. Here's another example, how the scene looks like
from camera-4:
And the resulting statistics:
$ time ./pbrt --stats --spp 4096 --display-server localhost:14158 ../../pbrt-v4-scenes/kroken/camera-4.pbrt
pbrt version 4 (built Jul 3 2023 at 12:16:24)
Copyright (c)1998-2021 Matt Pharr, Wenzel Jakob, and Greg Humphreys.
The source code to pbrt (but *not* the book contents) is covered by the Apache 2.0 License.
See the file LICENSE.txt for the conditions of the license.
Warning: /media/datadisk3/git/github/pbrt-v4-scenes/kroken/lights.pbrt:7:4: Converting non-RGB "L" parameter to RGB so that a portal light can be used.
Rendering: [+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++] (4612.3s)
Statistics:
BVH
Interior nodes 287364302
Leaf nodes 287364313
Nodes visited 1640129095053
Primitives per leaf node 287904106 / 287364313 (1.00x)
Geometry
Spheres 2
Triangles added from displacement mapping 247704553
Buffer cache hits 239 / 955 (25.03%)
Triangles per mesh 287906269 / 248 (1160912.38x)
Integrator
Camera rays traced 3221225472
Surface interactions 12319864491
Volume interactions 5000267
Intersections
Regular ray intersection tests 19757521699
Ray-Triangle intersection tests 25378979959 / 123058811405 (0.21x)
Memory
BVH 19.27 GiB
Film pixels 144.00 MiB
Image maps 159.38 MiB
Light BVH 184.91 kB
Primitives 4.29 GiB
Redundant vertex and index buffers 347.69 MiB
Tokenizer buffers 244.55 kB
Triangles 2.15 GiB
Unreported / unused 17.76 GiB
Scene
AreaLights 2175
Lights 2176
Materials 80
Object instances created 10
Textures 164
real 78m25,715s
user 2115m43,111s
sys 1m39,895s
Currently this scene does not render with the
Rust version
rs-pbrt based on pbrt-v3, but there are a
couple of things which might get ported:
- The connection to
tevwould allow to watch the renderer doing it's job. - Can we somehow use a denoiser?
- Can the parser be adjusted to read
pbrt-v4scenes (maybe by adding some missing materials)?